Reference Translation of Exercise 2 (Friday Class)

Oil prices rose by over 50 per cent in the first part of 2004, mainly because of the persistent increase in demand. This contrasted with the oil crises of the 1970s, when record prices were the result of reduced supplies from the major producers. Following the latest surge, prices fell back towards the end of 2004 and are expected to ease further with the moderation in the growth of the world economy. However, since the supply of oil is unlikely to be able to respond to the underlying growth of demand in the medium term, oil prices are not expected to retreat to their 2003 levels for any extended period in the near future.
在去年年初，國際油價攀升了超過百分之五十，主要由於連續強勁的市場需求。而這次的油價攀升與1970年間的石油危機不同，當時的高油價係肇因於主要產油國家的減產。石油價格在一度飆漲後，在去年年底前，開始回跌，由於世界經濟成長將有趨緩現象，預期此一回跌將有更進一步跌幅。但是，鑒於世界經濟在中期仍有成長，原油的供應仍將難以滿足成長的需要，因此，預期國際油價在近期內，將不可能長時間維持2003年間的低油價水準〈跌回2003年的水準〉。

Countries with external surpluses will therefore need to stimulate domestic demand, preferably investment in physical and social infrastructure. If such additional investment is deemed unnecessary, resources could be channeled to developing countries with unmet investment needs. As an immediate requirement, the extensive reconstruction required following the tsunami of December 2004 calls for an increase in investment within the Asian region.

對外出超的國家需刺激其國內需求，最好的方式就是，增加國內硬體及社會基礎建設方面的投資。如果認為這類投資沒有必要，則可將這些資源轉用於有投資需求的開發中國家，舉例來說，亞洲部份地區在歷經2004年十二月的大海嘯後，亟須增加基礎建設投資，以利社區重建。

These domestic actions should be complemented by various forms of enhanced international cooperation.

為避免經濟過熱，出超國為刺激國內需求所採取的相關行動，應加強國際合作，與國內行動相輔相成。〈須先了解本句的背景，以 addition 技巧譯出〉