Reference Translation of Exercise 6 -- Medical Document

1. 對關係代名詞、補述用法〈逗點後〉之中譯要領：(詳見隨堂練習)
a. 提到前置詞前譯出
甲、 a virus which causes most cases of cervical cancer
i. 引發多數子宮頸癌的病毒
b. 區分成兩個句子譯出，以適當詞語連接
甲、Vaccines aimed to re-activate helper T cell responses to the relevant
proteins should be considered.
乙、 我們應該考慮發展疫苗，重新活化病患的「輔助性T免疫細胞」對相關病毒蛋白的反
應。


Virus clue to cervical cancer jab
「病毒」為子宮頸癌疫苗的研發提供了線索


Scientists have unraveled the body's immune response to a virus which causes most cases of cervical cancer.
科學家已釐清人體對引發多數子宮頸癌病毒的免疫反應方式。

〈科學家已釐清了人體對HPV病毒的免疫反應方式，而這種病毒常是引發多數子宮頸癌的元兇。〉


They hope their work on the human papilloma virus (HPV) could aid efforts to develop a cervical cancer vaccine.
他們希望，這項對人類乳突病毒HPV的研究，可能有助於子宮頸癌疫苗的開發。


The research shows patients able to rid HPV from their system have a different immune response to those who cannot combat it and go on to develop cancer.
此項研究顯示，凡是能夠克服HPV病毒的患者，其免疫系統會有明顯不同的反應；而那些無法克服HPV，且逐漸惡化成為癌症的患者，其免疫系統則無甚反應。


The study, by the University of Bermingham, was published in the British Journal of Cancer.
這項伯明罕大學的研究成果，發表在英國癌症期刊。


Cervical cancer is the second most common female cancer worldwide, with an estimated 500,000 new cases diagnosed each year. In 2002 the disease caused 1,120 deaths in the UK alone.
子宮頸癌係全球女性排名第二的常見癌症，每年約可診斷出五十萬個新病例。2002年僅在英國，罹患子宮頸癌而導致死亡的病例，就有 1,120 個之多。〉
(Usually, you can use Arabic numerals to replace Chinese characters if the number is over 100.)


The Bermingham study, funded by Cancer Research UK, focused on 41 women, some who had HPV infection, and others with cervical cancer.
這項由英國癌症研究中心所贊助的實驗中，伯明罕大學以四十一位女性為主要研究對象--部份感染HPV病毒，部份已罹患子宮頸癌。

亦可譯成：
伯明罕大學的這項研究，係由英國癌症研究中心所資助，主要針對四十一位女性進行研究，其中，部份女性感染有HPV病毒，其他人則已罹患子宮頸癌。


The researchers measured the response of immune system cells to proteins from the most common type of HPV.
研究人員測量了免疫系統對最常見HPV病毒蛋白的反應。


Researcher Dr Jane Steele said: "We found that the patients with pre-cancerous lesions most likely to progress to cervical cancer showed less immune activity from a population of immune cells called helper T cells than the women who were at much less risk.
研究人員珍‧史提爾醫生說：「我們發現，具有癌前病變(癌症前期症狀)的病患，通常極有可能進一步惡化成為子宮頸癌，此類病患體內的輔助性T細胞，呈現較低的免疫反應；相對而言，子宮頸癌低危險群婦女的T細胞，則呈現較活潑的免疫反應。」

“a population of” 族群；同特性動、植物的總體；人口


"This could mean that helper T cells, which are known to play a central role in the immune response, are critical in disease progression.
「這可能意味，在免疫系統中扮演核心腳色的輔助性T免疫細胞，是抑止疾病發展的關鍵因素。」


"Vaccines aimed to re-activate helper T cell responses to the relevant proteins should be considered."
我們應該考慮發展疫苗，重新活化病患的「輔助性T免疫細胞」對相關病毒蛋白的反應。


Professor John Toy, medical director of Cancer Research UK, said: "Vaccines are likely to play an important role in helping us control certain cancers in the future and scientists are hopeful that vaccines against HPV might be able to prevent cervical cancer altogether.
英國癌症研究中心醫學主任約翰‧托伊教授說：「未來，疫苗很有可能在癌症的防治上，扮演重要的腳色；同時，科學家們希望，能克制HPV病毒的疫苗，也許可用來全面預防子宮頸癌的發生。」


"This research opens up new avenues of investigation for the development of possibly better vaccines."
「當前的這項研究，開啟了探索新一代疫苗的一扇新大門。」
亦可譯成：
「當前的這項研究，指引了發展更有效疫苗的新方向。」


There are more than 70 different types of HPV, of which only some are linked to an increased risk of cervical cancer.
目前有七十多種HPV病毒，其中只有一部份病毒與子宮頸癌的高風險有關。


The current study focused on HPV 16, which is present in up to 70% of cervical cancers.
當前的研究置重點在HPV 16〈第十六型人類乳突病毒〉，有高達百分之七十的子宮頸癌病患，感染這種病毒。